Sustainable land-use management must account for the potential trade-offs between biodiversity conservation, productive land uses and ecosystem services. In this study, we used Marxan with Zones to generate land use plans that optimize conservation, farming and forestry land uses to reach biodiversity targets while minimizing the opportunity cost for local communities in an inhabited but data-poor National Park in the Andes of Bolivia.
Based on six alternative land-use plans, we identified the synergies and trade-offs between the biodiversity benefits achieved in the different plans and the delivery of four locally important water-related ecosystem services modeled with the web-based tool AguAAndes.
Although we find synergies between the conservation of high altitude Polylepis woodlands and their associated avifauna and three of the ecosystem services investigated, soil erosion levels were actually higher in scenarios with higher achieved biodiversity benefits.
Our study shows how systematic conservation planning and ecosystem service delivery modelling can be used to solve land-use conflicts and identify trade-offs between biodiversity conservation and ecosystem services in a data-poor tropical area.
Biodiversity conservation through the lens of metacommunity ecology.
Metacommunity ecology combines local (e.g., environmental filtering and biotic interactions) and regional (e.g., dispersal and heterogeneity) processes to understand patterns of species abundance, occurrence, composition, and diversity across scales of space and time. As such, it has a great potential to generalize and synthesize our understanding of many ecological problems.
2K Plus DNA Marker (9 linear double-stranded DNA bands) |
20-abx098047 |
Abbexa |
|
|
|
100bp Plus DNA Marker (12 linear double-stranded DNA bands) |
20-abx098053 |
Abbexa |
|
|
|
100bp Plus DNA Marker (14 linear double-stranded DNA bands) |
20-abx098054 |
Abbexa |
|
|
|
GENE`s Protein Ladder Extended prestained, 13 bands, 5 - 245kD |
310010 |
GeneOn |
1x500µl |
EUR 133 |
GENE`s Protein Ladder Extended prestained, 13 bands, 5 - 245kD |
310011 |
GeneOn |
5x500µl |
EUR 511 |
DMEM, High Glucose, No L-glutamine, No sodium pyruvate |
CM007-050 |
GenDepot |
500ml |
EUR 74 |
DMEM, High Glucose, No L-glutamine, No sodium pyruvate |
CM007-300 |
GenDepot |
6x500ml |
EUR 165 |
DMEM, High Glucose, No L-glutamine, No sodium pyruvate |
CM007-310 |
GenDepot |
10x500ml |
EUR 205 |
DMEM, High Glucose, No L-glutamine, No sodium pyruvate |
CM007-320 |
GenDepot |
20x500ml |
EUR 317 |
DMEM, High Glucose, No L-glutamine, No sodium pyruvate |
CM007-350 |
GenDepot |
50x500ml |
EUR 585 |
DMEM, High Glucose , No L-glutamine, No sodium pyruvate |
CM009-050 |
GenDepot |
500ml |
EUR 74 |
DMEM, High Glucose , No L-glutamine, No sodium pyruvate |
CM009-300 |
GenDepot |
6x500ml |
EUR 165 |
DMEM, High Glucose , No L-glutamine, No sodium pyruvate |
CM009-310 |
GenDepot |
10x500ml |
EUR 205 |
DMEM, High Glucose , No L-glutamine, No sodium pyruvate |
CM009-320 |
GenDepot |
20x500ml |
EUR 317 |
DMEM, High Glucose , No L-glutamine, No sodium pyruvate |
CM009-350 |
GenDepot |
50x500ml |
EUR 585 |
DMEM, High Glucose, No L-glutamine, No sodium pyruvate |
CMP07-001 |
GenDepot |
10x1L |
EUR 99 |
DMEM, High Glucose, No L-glutamine, No sodium pyruvate |
CMP07-010 |
GenDepot |
10L |
EUR 84 |
DMEM, High Glucose, No L-glutamine, No sodium pyruvate |
CMP07-050 |
GenDepot |
50L |
EUR 142 |
Ceraplex , No Phenol red |
C3320-050 |
GenDepot |
500ml |
Ask for price |
1.5ML MICROTUBES, NO CAP |
MCT-150-NC |
CORNING |
500/pk |
EUR 119 |
Description: Micro Tubes; Micro Tubes Push Cap- Axygen |
CMV-Luciferase (No marker) |
LVP911a |
GenTarget |
1x107 IFU/ml x 200ul |
EUR 349 |
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express firefly luciferase under CMV promoter (do not containing any antibiotic selection marker), provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene. |
EF1a-Luciferase (No marker) |
LVP911b |
GenTarget |
1x107 IFU/ml x 200ul |
EUR 349 |
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express firefly luciferase under EF1a promoter (do not containing any antibiotic selection marker), provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene. |
Sheep NO ELISA Kit |
ESN0048 |
Abclonal |
96Tests |
EUR 521 |
Anserini NO ELISA Kit |
EAN0048 |
Abclonal |
96Tests |
EUR 521 |
Rat NO ELISA Kit |
ERN0048 |
Abclonal |
96Tests |
EUR 521 |
Rabbit NO ELISA Kit |
ERTN0048 |
Abclonal |
96Tests |
EUR 521 |
Monkey NO ELISA Kit |
EMKN0048 |
Abclonal |
96Tests |
EUR 521 |
Mouse NO ELISA Kit |
EMN0048 |
Abclonal |
96Tests |
EUR 521 |
Porcine NO ELISA Kit |
EPN0048 |
Abclonal |
96Tests |
EUR 521 |
Human NO ELISA Kit |
EHN0048 |
Abclonal |
96Tests |
EUR 521 |
Chicken NO ELISA Kit |
ECKN0048 |
Abclonal |
96Tests |
EUR 521 |
Canine NO ELISA Kit |
ECN0048 |
Abclonal |
96Tests |
EUR 521 |
Bovine NO ELISA Kit |
EBN0048 |
Abclonal |
96Tests |
EUR 521 |
Goat NO ELISA Kit |
EGTN0048 |
Abclonal |
96Tests |
EUR 521 |
GENE`s Protein Ladder PS10 PLUS prestained, 10 bands, 11 - 180kD |
310003 |
GeneOn |
1x500 µl |
EUR 120 |
GENE`s Protein Ladder PS10 PLUS prestained, 10 bands, 11 - 180kD |
310004 |
GeneOn |
5x500µl |
EUR 459 |
GENE`s Plus Protein Ladder PS11 prestained, 11 bands, 10 - 175kD |
310005 |
GeneOn |
1x500µl |
EUR 120 |
GENE`s Plus Protein Ladder PS11 prestained, 11 bands, 10 - 175kD |
310006 |
GeneOn |
5x500µl |
EUR 459 |
GENE`s Protein Ladder Wide Range, prestained, 10 bands, 6,5 - 270kD |
310020 |
GeneOn |
1x500µl |
EUR 128 |
GENE`s Protein Ladder Wide Range, prestained, 10 bands, 6,5 - 270kD |
310021 |
GeneOn |
5x500µl |
EUR 459 |
DMEM/Ham's F-12
(1:1 Mixture), No HEPES, No Phenol Red |
CM020-050 |
GenDepot |
500ml |
EUR 85 |
DMEM/Ham's F-12
(1:1 Mixture), No HEPES, No Phenol Red |
CM020-300 |
GenDepot |
6x500ml |
EUR 165 |
DMEM/Ham's F-12
(1:1 Mixture), No HEPES, No Phenol Red |
CM020-310 |
GenDepot |
10x500ml |
EUR 219 |
DMEM/Ham's F-12
(1:1 Mixture), No HEPES, No Phenol Red |
CM020-320 |
GenDepot |
20x500ml |
EUR 340 |
DMEM/Ham's F-12
(1:1 Mixture), No HEPES, No Phenol Red |
CM020-350 |
GenDepot |
50x500ml |
EUR 585 |
SEQ ID NO:549 Peptide |
20-abx266211 |
Abbexa |
-
EUR 439.00
-
EUR 718.00
-
EUR 328.00
|
|
|
SensiMix SYBR No-ROX Kit |
QT650-05 |
Bioline |
500 rxn |
Ask for price |
SensiMix SYBR No-ROX Kit |
QT650-20 |
Bioline |
2000 rxn |
Ask for price |
Agar, Bacto , Cat No Changed |
A2007-510 |
GenDepot |
10Kg |
EUR 2102 |
SensiFAST Probe No-ROX Kit |
BIO-86002/S |
Bioline |
Sample |
Ask for price |
SensiFAST Probe No-ROX Kit |
BIO-86005 |
Bioline |
500 rxns |
Ask for price |
SensiFAST Probe No-ROX Kit |
BIO-86020 |
Bioline |
2000 rxns |
Ask for price |
SensiFAST SYBR No-ROX Kit |
BIO-98005 |
Bioline |
500 rxns |
Ask for price |
SensiFAST SYBR No-ROX Kit |
BIO-98020 |
Bioline |
2000 rxns |
Ask for price |
2.0ML MICROTUBES, NO CAP. CLEAR |
MCT-200-NC |
CORNING |
500/pk |
EUR 111 |
Description: Micro Tubes; Micro Tubes Push Cap- Axygen |
cellulose acetate unit (no accessories!) |
EHCA1100-SYS |
Consort |
ea |
EUR 606 |
Guinea Pig NO ELISA Kit |
EGN0048 |
Abclonal |
96Tests |
EUR 521 |
TARGATT? 3 (no promoter - MCS) |
AST-3043 |
Applied StemCell |
20 uL |
EUR 275 |
Description: 12 month |
Rabbit Anti-Human Ferritin (H-chain) IgG # 3, aff pure (no azide/no bsa) |
FERH13-AW |
Alpha Diagnostics |
100 ug |
EUR 445 |
TaqProbe 5X qPCR MasterMix-No Dye |
MasterMix-5PS |
ABM |
4 x 1.0 ml for 1000 reactions (20 ul) |
EUR 213 |
BrightGreen 5X qPCR MasterMix-No Dye |
MasterMix-5S |
ABM |
4 x 1.0 ml for 1000 reactions (20 ul) |
EUR 213 |
KiloGreen 2X qPCR MasterMix-No Dye |
MasterMix-KS |
ABM |
4 x 1.25 ml - 500 reactions (20 ul) |
EUR 140 |
BrightGreen miRNA qPCR MasterMix-No Dye |
MasterMix-mS |
ABM |
4 x 1.25 ml for 500 reactions |
EUR 151 |
TaqProbe 2X qPCR MasterMix-No Dye |
MasterMix-PS |
ABM |
4 x 1.25 ml for 500 reactions (20 ul) |
EUR 140 |
BrightGreen 2X qPCR MasterMix-No Dye |
MasterMix-S |
ABM |
4 x 1.25 ml for 500 reactions (20 ul) |
EUR 140 |
BrightGreen 2X qPCR MasterMix-No Dye |
MasterMix-S-XL |
ABM |
16 x 1.25 ml for 2000 reactions (20 ul) |
EUR 376 |
Human nitric oxide,NO ELISA Kit |
201-12-1511 |
SunredBio |
96 tests |
EUR 440 |
|
Description: A quantitative ELISA kit for measuring Human in samples from biological fluids. |
Genomic DNA Kit (No RNase A) |
20-abx098862 |
Abbexa |
|
|
|
HotTaq Probe qPCR Mix (no ROX) |
BT11002 |
Bioatlas |
250rxn |
EUR 109 |
Description: High quality HotTaq polymerase for different PCR variations and downstream applications. |
HotTaq EvaGreen qPCR Mix (no ROX) |
BT11102 |
Bioatlas |
250rxn |
EUR 123 |
Description: High quality HotTaq polymerase for different PCR variations and downstream applications. |
HotTaq EvaGreen HRM Mix (no ROX) |
BT11202 |
Bioatlas |
250rxn |
EUR 123 |
Description: High quality HotTaq polymerase for different PCR variations and downstream applications. |
96 well filter plate (no filter) |
SD5006-EMPTY |
Bio Basic |
12UNIT |
EUR 87.41 |
|
Rabbit nitric oxide,NO ELISA Kit |
GA-E0152RB-48T |
GenAsia Biotech |
48T |
EUR 326 |
Rabbit nitric oxide,NO ELISA Kit |
GA-E0152RB-96T |
GenAsia Biotech |
96T |
EUR 524 |
One-Step BrightGreen qRT-PCR-No Dye |
G471-S |
ABM |
100 rxn (20 ul/rxn) |
EUR 158 |
One-Step TaqProbe qRT-PCR-No Dye |
G493-PS |
ABM |
100 rxn (20 ul/rxn) |
EUR 158 |
BrightGreen Express 2X qPCR MasterMix-No Dye |
MasterMix-ES |
ABM |
4 x 1.25 ml for 500 reactions (20 ul) |
EUR 140 |
SensiFAST Lyo-Ready No-ROX Mix, 2x |
BIO-11060 |
Cusabio |
10 x 10ml |
Ask for price |
Bacteria Genomic DNA Kit (No RNase A) |
abx098240-50rxns |
Abbexa |
50 rxns |
EUR 230 |
|
Plant Genomic DNA Kit(No RNase A) |
20-abx098863 |
Abbexa |
|
|
|
Blood Genomic DNA Kit (No RNase A) |
20-abx098864 |
Abbexa |
|
|
|
1000bp/1kb DNA ladder (no loading dye) |
305-005 |
GeneOn |
50µg/250µl |
EUR 50 |
1000bp/1kb DNA ladder (no loading dye) |
305-025 |
GeneOn |
5x50µg |
EUR 120 |
Anti Metallothionein Monoclonal Antibody (Clone No. 1A12) |
KA009 |
Sceti |
|
EUR 596 |
Description: The Anti Metallothionein Monoclonal Antibody (Clone No. 1A12) is available in Europe and for worldwide shipping via Gentaur. |
Anti AGEs Monoclonal Antibody (Clone No. 6D12) |
KH001 |
Sceti |
|
EUR 714 |
Description: The Anti AGEs Monoclonal Antibody (Clone No. 6D12) is available in Europe and for worldwide shipping via Gentaur. |
Anti Pyrraline Monoclonal Antibody (Clone No. H12) |
KH010 |
Sceti |
|
EUR 714 |
Description: The Anti Pyrraline Monoclonal Antibody (Clone No. H12) is available in Europe and for worldwide shipping via Gentaur. |
Anti Nitrotyrosine Monoclonal Antibody (Clone No.2H1) |
KH036 |
Sceti |
|
EUR 596 |
Description: The Anti Nitrotyrosine Monoclonal Antibody (Clone No.2H1) is available in Europe and for worldwide shipping via Gentaur. |
Anti PEDF Monoclonal Antibody (Clone No.14K) |
KM037 |
Sceti |
|
EUR 714 |
Description: The Anti PEDF Monoclonal Antibody (Clone No.14K) is available in Europe and for worldwide shipping via Gentaur. |
SensiFAST Lyo-Ready No-ROX Mix, 2x |
BIO-11061 |
Bioline |
5ml |
Ask for price |
SensiFAST SYBR No-ROX One-Step Kit |
BIO-72001 |
Bioline |
100 rxns |
Ask for price |
SensiFAST SYBR No-ROX One-Step Kit |
BIO-72005 |
Bioline |
500 rxns |
Ask for price |
SensiFAST Probe No-ROX One-Step Kit |
BIO-76001 |
Bioline |
100 rxns |
Ask for price |
SensiFAST Probe No-ROX One-Step Kit |
BIO-76005 |
Bioline |
500 rxns |
Ask for price |
SensiFAST Probe No-ROX Mix, 50 mL |
BIO-86050 |
Bioline |
5000 rxn |
Ask for price |
SensiFAST SYBR No-ROX Mix, 50 mL |
BIO-98050 |
Bioline |
5000 rxn |
Ask for price |
HBSS (10X), calcium, magnesium, no phenol red |
CA137-050 |
GenDepot |
500 ml |
EUR 99 |
DMEM, High Glucose , Powder , No Sodiim bicarbonate |
CMP02-001 |
GenDepot |
10x1L |
EUR 101 |
hTERT (EF1a) lentivirus
(No any antibiotic selection) |
LVP1131 |
GenTarget |
1x107 IFU/ml x 200ul |
EUR 349 |
Description: Premade lentivirus expressing human TERT gene under EF1a promoter. It does not contain any antibiotic selection. |
CMV-Luciferase, in vivo read (No Marker) |
LVP911a-PBS |
GenTarget |
5x107 IFU/ml x 200ul |
EUR 710 |
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express firefly luciferase under CMV promoter (do not containing any antibiotic selection marker), concentrated and provided in PBS solution |
EF1a-Luciferase, in vivo read (No Marker) |
LVP911b-PBS |
GenTarget |
5x107 IFU/ml x 200ul |
EUR 710 |
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express firefly luciferase under EF1a promoter (do not containing any antibiotic selection marker), concentrated and provided in PBS solution |
Grace's With L-glutamine. No sodium bicarbonate. |
GIP05-10LT |
Caisson Labs |
10 L |
EUR 101 |
|
Description: With L-glutamine. No sodium bicarbonate. |
Grace's With L-glutamine. No sodium bicarbonate. |
GIP05-10X1LT |
Caisson Labs |
10 x 1 L |
EUR 105 |
|
Description: With L-glutamine. No sodium bicarbonate. |
Grace's With L-glutamine. No sodium bicarbonate. |
GIP05-50LT |
Caisson Labs |
50 L |
EUR 230 |
|
Description: With L-glutamine. No sodium bicarbonate. |
Accuris qMax Probe No Rox qPCR Mix |
PR2001-N-1000 |
BenchMark |
1 PC |
EUR 467.74 |
|
SYBR Green qPCR Master Mix (No ROX) |
HY-K0523 |
MedChemExpress |
5 mL (500 rxns ) |
EUR 257 |
Recombinant purified human Ubiquitin protein (No-tag) |
UBQ16-R |
Alpha Diagnostics |
1 mg |
EUR 202 |
Recombinant purified human Ubiquitin protein (No-tag) |
UBQ16-R-10 |
Alpha Diagnostics |
10 mg |
EUR 773 |
ExCellenCT One-Step BrightGreen qRT-PCR-No Dye |
G917-S |
ABM |
25 Preps 100 x 20 ul reactions |
EUR 177 |
ExCellenCT One-Step TaqProbe qRT-PCR-No Dye |
G918-PS |
ABM |
25 Preps 100 x 20 ul reactions |
EUR 177 |
EZH2-no GFP sgRNA CRISPR Lentivector set (Mouse) |
K3005201 |
ABM |
3 x 1.0 ug |
EUR 339 |
EED-no GFP sgRNA CRISPR Lentivector set (Mouse) |
K3005301 |
ABM |
3 x 1.0 ug |
EUR 339 |
Marine Animal Genomic DNA Kit (No RNase A) |
abx298012-50rxns |
Abbexa |
50 rxns |
EUR 230 |
|
COVER GLASS, NO. 1, SQUARE 18 X 18MM |
2845-18 |
CORNING |
100/pk |
EUR 112 |
Description: Cover Glass; Cover Glass, CGW |
COVER GLASS, NO. 1, SQUARE 22 X 22MM |
2845-22 |
CORNING |
100/pk |
EUR 112 |
Description: Cover Glass; Cover Glass, CGW |
COVER GLASS, NO. 1, SQUARE 25 X 25MM |
2845-25 |
CORNING |
100/pk |
EUR 112 |
Description: Cover Glass; Cover Glass, CGW |
COVER GLASS, NO. 2, SQUARE 18 X 18MM |
2855-18 |
CORNING |
50/pk |
EUR 83 |
Description: Cover Glass; Cover Glass, CGW |
Here, we give an overview of how a metacommunity perspective can provide useful insights for conservation biology, which aims to understand and mitigate the effects of anthropogenic drivers that decrease population sizes, increase extinction probabilities, and threaten biodiversity.
We review four general metacommunity processes-environmental filtering, biotic interactions, dispersal, and ecological drift-and discuss how key anthropogenic drivers (e.g., habitat loss and fragmentation, and nonnative species) can alter these processes. We next describe how the patterns of interest in metacommunities (abundance, occupancy, and diversity) map onto issues at the heart of conservation biology, and describe cases where conservation biology benefits by taking a scale-explicit metacommunity perspective.
We conclude with some ways forward for including metacommunity perspectives into ideas of ecosystem functioning and services, as well as approaches to habitat management, preservation, and restoration.